/* Journal Theme 2.13.2 minified homepage CSS. */:root{--ij-primary:#005b96;--ij-primary-dark:#003c68;--ij-secondary:#0b87b9;--ij-accent:#79c843;--ij-text:#16324a;--ij-muted:#52697c;--ij-line:#dce6ee;--ij-soft:#f4f8fb;--ij-white:#ffffff;--ij-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(0,54,92,.08);--ij-radius:10px;--ij-container:1180px} *{box-sizing:border-box} html{scroll-behavior:smooth} body{margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ij-text);font-family:Inter,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Arial,sans-serif;line-height:1.65} a{color:var(--ij-primary);text-decoration:none} a:hover{color:var(--ij-secondary)} img{max-width:100%;height:auto} button,input,select,textarea{font:inherit} .ij-container{width:min(calc(100% - 32px),var(--ij-container));margin-inline:auto} .screen-reader-text{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0} .ij-topbar{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#045a91,#003b66);color:#fff;font-size:13px} .ij-topbar-inner{min-height:34px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px} .ij-topbar a{color:#fff} .ij-topbar-left,.ij-topbar-right{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:18px;flex-wrap:wrap} .ij-topbar .sep{opacity:.45} .ij-branding{background:#fff} .ij-branding-inner{min-height:112px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:center;gap:32px;padding:16px 0} .ij-brand-block{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:22px;min-width:0} .custom-logo-link{flex:0 0 auto;display:inline-flex} .custom-logo{width:92px;height:92px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover} .ij-brand-copy{min-width:0} .ij-site-title{margin:0;font:700 clamp(24px,3vw,34px)/1.15 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;color:#083f70} .ij-site-title a{color:inherit;display:inline-block} .ij-tagline{margin:8px 0 0;color:#294d6b;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:17px} .ij-brand-meta{text-align:right;min-width:280px} .ij-issn{margin-bottom:14px;color:#274d6d;font-size:13px;line-height:1.6} .ij-search{display:flex;justify-content:flex-end} .ij-search form{display:flex;width:100%;max-width:330px;border:1px solid #cbd9e4;border-radius:5px;overflow:hidden;background:#fff} .ij-search input{flex:1;border:0;padding:10px 12px;outline:0;min-width:0} .ij-search button{width:44px;border:0;background:var(--ij-primary);color:#fff;cursor:pointer} .ij-nav{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#00649c,#004576);color:#fff;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.08);position:relative;z-index:20} .ij-nav-inner{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;min-height:48px} .ij-menu{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:0;list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0} .ij-menu li{position:relative} .ij-menu>li>a{color:#fff;display:block;padding:14px 16px;font-size:14px} .ij-menu>li.current-menu-item>a,.ij-menu>li.current_page_item>a,.ij-menu>li>a:hover{background:var(--ij-nav-hover-bg,#79c843);color:var(--ij-nav-hover-text,#16324a)} .ij-menu .sub-menu{display:none;position:absolute;top:100%;left:0;min-width:220px;margin:0;padding:8px 0;list-style:none;background:#fff;box-shadow:var(--ij-shadow);border-radius:0 0 8px 8px} .ij-menu li:hover>.sub-menu{display:block} .ij-menu .sub-menu a{display:block;padding:9px 14px;color:var(--ij-text)} .ij-menu .sub-menu a:hover{background:#eef6fb;color:var(--ij-primary)} .ij-menu-toggle{display:none;border:0;background:transparent;color:#fff;font-size:26px;padding:6px 0} .ij-hero{position:relative;isolation:isolate;min-height:var(--ij-hero-min-height,335px);display:flex;align-items:center;color:#fff;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#0b557c,#88b75c);overflow:hidden} .ij-hero-media{position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-3;overflow:hidden} .ij-hero-media img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;max-width:none;object-fit:cover;object-position:center} .ij-hero::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-2;background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgb(0 43 73 / var(--ij-hero-overlay-start,.42)),rgb(0 74 112 / var(--ij-hero-overlay-end,.3024)));pointer-events:none} .ij-hero::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:auto 0 0 0;z-index:-1;height:72px;background:linear-gradient(transparent,rgba(0,30,50,.16));pointer-events:none} .ij-hero-content{position:relative;z-index:1;max-width:var(--ij-hero-content-width,760px);padding:48px 0} .ij-hero h1{margin:0 0 12px;font:700 clamp(36px,5vw,56px)/1.05 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;letter-spacing:-.5px} .ij-hero .accent{color:#a8ef57;display:block} .ij-hero p{font-size:18px;margin:0 0 24px;color:rgba(255,255,255,.95)} .ij-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:8px;min-height:44px;padding:10px 18px;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:7px;background:var(--ij-primary);color:#fff;font-weight:700;transition:.2s ease} .ij-btn:hover{background:var(--ij-secondary);color:#fff;transform:translateY(-1px)} .ij-btn-light{background:#fff;color:#07477b} .ij-btn-light:hover{background:#f1f7fb;color:#07477b} .ij-btn-outline{background:#fff;color:var(--ij-primary);border-color:var(--ij-primary)} .ij-btn-outline:hover{background:var(--ij-primary);color:#fff} .ij-quicklinks-wrap{background:#fff;padding:16px 0 8px} .ij-quicklinks{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:18px} .ij-quick-card{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:center;min-height:76px;padding:15px 18px;border:1px solid #dfe9f1;border-radius:7px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,#fff,#f8fbfd);box-shadow:0 4px 16px rgba(0,71,112,.04)} .ij-quick-icon{width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:7px;display:grid;place-items:center;flex:0 0 auto;background:#e8f6fc;color:var(--ij-secondary);font-weight:900;font-size:20px} .ij-quick-card strong{display:block;color:#073f70;font-size:14px} .ij-quick-card span{display:block;color:var(--ij-muted);font-size:12px} .ij-main{padding:8px 0 0} .ij-home-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,2.25fr) minmax(260px,.75fr);gap:20px;align-items:start} .ij-panel{background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e8ee;border-radius:var(--ij-radius);box-shadow:0 5px 18px rgba(2,57,92,.035)} .ij-current{display:grid;grid-template-columns:180px 1fr;gap:24px;padding:20px;margin:10px 0 24px;align-items:center} .ij-current-cover{aspect-ratio:3/4;background:linear-gradient(150deg,#0b5074,#58a866);border-radius:2px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,50,80,.13)} .ij-current-cover img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover} .ij-current h2{margin:0 0 5px;font:700 27px/1.2 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;color:#073f70} .ij-current h3{margin:0 0 12px;font:700 24px/1.25 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;color:#073f70} .ij-current p{color:#38566e;margin:0 0 18px} .ij-button-row{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap} .ij-section-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;align-items:center;margin:24px 0 13px} .ij-section-head h2{margin:0;font:700 25px/1.2 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;color:#073f70} .ij-section-head a{font-size:13px;font-weight:600} .ij-articles{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px} .ij-article-card{border:1px solid #e1e9ef;background:#fff;border-radius:7px;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0} .ij-article-thumb{aspect-ratio:16/7.6;background:#dce9ef;overflow:hidden} .ij-article-thumb img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform .3s ease} .ij-article-card:hover .ij-article-thumb img{transform:scale(1.035)} .ij-article-body{padding:13px 14px 14px;display:flex;flex:1;flex-direction:column} .ij-badge{align-self:flex-start;font-size:10px;line-height:1;padding:5px 7px;border-radius:999px;background:#dff5f1;color:#097264;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px} .ij-article-title{margin:0 0 8px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.35;font-weight:800;color:#113f69} .ij-article-title a{color:inherit} .ij-article-meta{color:#506a7f;font-size:11px;margin-top:auto} .ij-article-links{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #edf2f5;margin-top:12px;padding-top:10px;font-size:11px} .ij-sidebar-panel{margin:10px 0 18px;overflow:hidden} .ij-panel-title{margin:0;padding:12px 16px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,#f5fafd,#edf5f9);border-bottom:1px solid #e0e8ee;color:#0d446f;font:700 18px/1.2 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif} .ij-link-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:4px 0} .ij-link-list li{border-bottom:1px solid #edf2f5} .ij-link-list li:last-child{border-bottom:0} .ij-link-list a{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;padding:11px 15px;color:#184b73;font-size:13px} .ij-link-list a:hover{background:#f8fbfd} .ij-announcement{padding:14px 16px;border-bottom:1px solid #edf2f5} .ij-announcement:last-child{border-bottom:0} .ij-announcement strong{color:#164a75;font-size:13px;display:block;margin-bottom:3px} .ij-announcement p{margin:0;color:#5f7484;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5} .ij-stats{margin-top:36px;background:linear-gradient(180deg,#f8fbfd,#eef5f9);border-top:1px solid #e4edf3;border-bottom:1px solid #e4edf3} .ij-stats-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr);padding:23px 0} .ij-stat{padding:0 18px;border-right:1px solid #d7e3eb;display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;justify-content:center} .ij-stat:last-child{border-right:0} .ij-stat-icon{font-size:31px;color:#1774c4} .ij-stat strong{display:block;color:#0b406b;font:700 20px/1.1 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif} .ij-stat span{color:#617485;font-size:12px} .ij-content-wrap{padding:34px 0 48px} .ij-content-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,2.3fr) minmax(260px,.7fr);gap:32px} .ij-entry{min-width:0} .ij-entry-header{border-bottom:1px solid #e3ebf1;padding-bottom:15px;margin-bottom:22px} .ij-entry-title{margin:0 0 8px;color:#073f70;font:700 clamp(28px,4vw,40px)/1.18 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif} .ij-entry-meta{color:#708393;font-size:13px} .ij-entry-content{font-size:16px} .ij-entry-content h2,.ij-entry-content h3{color:#0a4776;font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;line-height:1.3} .ij-entry-content table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%} .ij-entry-content th,.ij-entry-content td{border:1px solid #dce5ec;padding:9px 10px} .ij-entry-content blockquote{border-left:4px solid var(--ij-secondary);margin-left:0;padding:10px 18px;background:#f7fbfd} .ij-post-list{display:grid;gap:16px} .ij-post-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:210px 1fr;gap:18px;border:1px solid #e0e8ee;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;background:#fff} .ij-post-row-thumb{min-height:145px;background:#edf3f6} .ij-post-row-thumb img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover} .ij-post-row-body{padding:15px 18px 15px 0} .ij-post-row h2{margin:0 0 7px;font:700 22px/1.25 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif} .ij-pagination{margin-top:24px} .nav-links{display:flex;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap} .page-numbers{padding:7px 11px;border:1px solid #d6e2ea;border-radius:5px} .page-numbers.current{background:var(--ij-primary);color:#fff;border-color:var(--ij-primary)} .ij-article-info{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:10px;margin:18px 0 22px} .ij-info-box{border:1px solid #e0e8ee;background:#f8fbfd;padding:10px 12px;border-radius:6px} .ij-info-box small{display:block;color:#738696;font-size:10px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.4px} .ij-info-box strong{color:#174c76;font-size:12px} .ij-abstract-box{border:1px solid #dfe8ef;border-left:4px solid var(--ij-secondary);background:#fbfdfe;padding:18px 20px;margin:20px 0} .ij-abstract-box h2{margin-top:0;font-size:22px} .ij-footer{background:linear-gradient(105deg,#064a73,#00375e);color:#dcecf6;margin-top:0} .ij-footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.2fr .9fr .9fr .9fr;gap:40px;padding:42px 0 38px} .ij-footer h3{margin:0 0 14px;color:#fff;font:700 17px/1.2 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif} .ij-footer p,.ij-footer li,.ij-footer a{color:#dcecf6;font-size:13px} .ij-footer ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0} .ij-footer li{margin:7px 0} .ij-footer a:hover{color:#fff;text-decoration:underline} .ij-footer-bottom{background:rgba(0,0,0,.14);border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08)} .ij-footer-bottom-inner{min-height:52px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;font-size:12px} .widget{margin-bottom:20px;border:1px solid #e0e8ee;border-radius:8px;padding:16px} .widget-title{margin:-16px -16px 14px;padding:11px 16px;background:#f2f7fa;color:#0b4675;font:700 18px/1.2 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif} .widget ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0} .widget li{padding:7px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #edf2f5} .widget li:last-child{border-bottom:0} @media (max-width:980px){.ij-branding-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px} .ij-brand-meta{text-align:left;min-width:0} .ij-search{justify-content:flex-start} .ij-home-grid,.ij-content-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-quicklinks{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)} .ij-articles{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)} .ij-stats-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);row-gap:20px} .ij-stat:nth-child(3){border-right:0} .ij-footer-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)} .ij-article-info{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}} @media (max-width:760px){.ij-topbar-inner{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;gap:4px;padding:7px 0} .ij-topbar-right{display:none} .ij-brand-block{align-items:flex-start;gap:14px} .custom-logo{width:72px;height:72px} .ij-site-title{font-size:25px} .ij-tagline{font-size:14px} .ij-menu-toggle{display:block} .ij-menu-wrap{display:none;position:absolute;left:0;top:100%;right:0;background:#004b7d;padding:8px 16px 12px} .ij-menu-wrap.open{display:block} .ij-menu{display:block} .ij-menu>li>a{padding:10px 8px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12)} .ij-menu .sub-menu{display:block;position:static;box-shadow:none;background:rgba(255,255,255,.06);border-radius:0;padding:0 0 0 10px} .ij-menu .sub-menu a{color:#fff} .ij-hero{min-height:310px} .ij-hero h1{font-size:38px} .ij-quicklinks{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-current{grid-template-columns:120px 1fr;gap:16px;padding:16px} .ij-current h2{font-size:23px} .ij-current h3{font-size:20px} .ij-articles{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-stats-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr} .ij-stat{border-right:0;justify-content:flex-start} .ij-footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px} .ij-footer-bottom-inner{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;padding:14px 0} .ij-post-row{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-post-row-body{padding:0 16px 16px} .ij-post-row-thumb{min-height:180px}} @media (max-width:480px){.ij-container{width:min(calc(100% - 22px),var(--ij-container))} .ij-brand-block{flex-direction:column} .ij-current{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-current-cover{width:150px} .ij-stats-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-article-info{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .ij-social-top{font-weight:800;opacity:.95} .ij-empty-state{padding:30px;border:1px dashed #cddce5;border-radius:9px;background:#fbfdfe;color:#61788a;text-align:center} .ij-empty-state h2{color:#0b4775;font:700 22px/1.3 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif} .ij-home-sidebar{min-width:0} .ij-particulars-panel{border-color:#d7e4ec} .ij-particulars-panel .ij-panel-title{font-size:14pt;font-weight:700} .ij-particulars-list{margin:0} .ij-particular-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(92px,.8fr) minmax(0,1.2fr);gap:10px;padding:10px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #edf2f5;align-items:start} .ij-particular-row:last-child{border-bottom:0} .ij-particular-row:nth-child(even){background:#fbfdfe} .ij-particular-row dt,.ij-particular-row dd{margin:0;font-size:12pt;line-height:1.45;overflow-wrap:anywhere} .ij-particular-row dt{color:#173f5e;font-weight:700} .ij-particular-row dd{color:#4d6678;font-weight:400} .ij-home-widget-area{margin:0} .ij-home-widget{padding:0;overflow:hidden} .ij-home-widget .widget-title{margin:0;padding:12px 16px;font-size:14pt;font-weight:700} .ij-home-widget>:not(.widget-title){margin-left:14px;margin-right:14px} .ij-home-widget>ul,.ij-home-widget>ol{margin-top:8px;margin-bottom:12px} .ij-home-widget>p,.ij-home-widget>.wp-block-group,.ij-home-widget>.wp-block-search{margin-top:12px;margin-bottom:12px} @media (max-width:980px){.ij-home-sidebar{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px} .ij-home-sidebar>.ij-sidebar-panel,.ij-home-sidebar>.ij-home-widget-area{margin:0} .ij-home-widget-area{display:contents} .ij-home-widget{margin:0}} @media (max-width:680px){.ij-home-sidebar{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-particular-row{grid-template-columns:minmax(105px,.85fr) minmax(0,1.15fr)}} @media (max-width:420px){.ij-particular-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:3px}} .ij-hero-content.ij-hero-content-custom{max-width:100%;width:100%} .ij-hero-content-custom>:first-child{margin-top:0} .ij-hero-content-custom>:last-child{margin-bottom:0} .ij-hero-content-custom .ij-btn{display:inline-flex} .ij-hero-content-custom img{max-width:100%;height:auto} .ij-hero-content-custom table{max-width:100%} @media (max-width:680px){.ij-hero-content.ij-hero-content-custom{padding:30px 0}} .ij-issue-card-has-cover{display:grid;grid-template-columns:92px minmax(0,1fr);column-gap:16px;align-items:start} .ij-issue-card-has-cover details{grid-column:1 / -1} .ij-issue-card-cover{display:block;width:92px;aspect-ratio:3/4;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid var(--ij-line);background:var(--ij-soft)} .ij-issue-card-cover img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;display:block} @media (max-width:560px){.ij-issue-card-has-cover{grid-template-columns:72px minmax(0,1fr);gap:12px} .ij-issue-card-cover{width:72px}} .ij-hero-marquee{margin:4px 0 20px;padding:8px 12px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.26);border-radius:7px;background:rgba(0,31,54,.34);color:#fff;font-size:12pt;line-height:1.45;overflow:hidden} .ij-hero-marquee .hyvikk_main_jrp_wrap{margin:0 !important;padding:0 !important;color:inherit;background:transparent !important} .ij-hero-marquee marquee{display:block;width:100%;margin:0 !important;color:#fff !important;font:inherit} .ij-hero-extra{margin:16px 0 0;font-size:12pt} .ij-hero-extra>:first-child{margin-top:0} .ij-hero-extra>:last-child{margin-bottom:0} .ij-hero-extra a{color:#fff;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px} @media (max-width:680px){.ij-hero-marquee{margin-bottom:16px;padding:7px 10px}}:where(a,button,input,select,textarea,summary):focus-visible{outline:3px solid #f2b134;outline-offset:2px} .ij-menu li:focus-within>.sub-menu{display:block} .ij-menu .sub-menu a:focus-visible{background:#eef6fb;color:var(--ij-primary)} .ij-icon{width:1.2em;height:1.2em;display:block} .ij-quick-icon .ij-icon{width:22px;height:22px} .ij-panel-icon{width:18px;height:18px;display:inline-block;vertical-align:-3px;margin-right:4px} .ij-stat-icon .ij-icon{width:34px;height:34px} .ij-footer-icon{width:17px;height:17px;flex:0 0 auto} .ij-contact-list li{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:8px} .ij-contact-list a{color:inherit} .ij-quicklinks{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(210px,1fr))} .ij-current-cover-empty{display:grid;place-items:center;background:linear-gradient(145deg,#f4f8fb,#e7f0f5);color:#2f6483;border:1px solid #dbe6ed} .ij-current-cover-icon{width:58px;height:58px} .ij-stats-grid-real{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));max-width:820px;margin-inline:auto} .ij-home-empty{padding:22px} .ij-empty-issue{padding:36px;text-align:center} .ij-issue-period{margin:2px 0 7px !important;color:#607789} .ij-issue-open{display:inline-block;margin-top:7px;font-weight:800} .ij-reference-journal-title{margin-top:0 !important} .ij-hero-marquee{position:relative} .ij-hero-marquee .ij-marquee-track{display:inline-block;min-width:100%;white-space:nowrap;will-change:transform;animation:ijgaaiTicker 22s linear infinite} .ij-hero-marquee:hover .ij-marquee-track,.ij-hero-marquee:focus-within .ij-marquee-track{animation-play-state:paused} @keyframes ijgaaiTicker{from{transform:translateX(100%)} to{transform:translateX(-100%)}} @media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto} *,*::before,*::after{scroll-behavior:auto !important;transition-duration:.01ms !important;animation-duration:.01ms !important;animation-iteration-count:1 !important} .ij-hero-marquee .ij-marquee-track{animation:none !important;transform:none !important;white-space:normal}} @media (max-width:760px){.ij-stats-grid-real{grid-template-columns:1fr}} .ij-topbar-left a,.ij-topbar-phone{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px} .ij-topbar-icon{width:15px;height:15px} .ij-search-icon{width:18px;height:18px;margin:auto} .screen-reader-text:focus{clip:auto !important;clip-path:none;width:auto;height:auto;margin:0;padding:10px 14px;overflow:visible;white-space:normal;position:fixed;top:8px;left:8px;z-index:100000;border-radius:4px;background:#fff;color:#073f70;box-shadow:0 3px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.18)} .ij-social-top{display:inline-grid;place-items:center;min-width:28px;min-height:28px} .ij-social-icon{width:16px;height:16px} .ij-menu-icon{width:26px;height:26px} @media (max-width:760px){body.ij-mobile-menu-open{overflow:hidden}.ij-topbar-inner{align-items:flex-start}.ij-topbar-left{gap:8px 14px}.ij-topbar-left a{max-width:100%;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.ij-article-actions-v2 .ij-action-btn{min-height:44px}} @media (pointer:coarse){.ij-menu a,.ij-action-btn,.ij-mini-btn,.ij-copy-cite-v180{min-height:44px}}:root{--ij-editorial-navy:#004a75;--ij-editorial-blue:#005f98;--ij-editorial-deep:#053d67;--ij-editorial-green:#168b48;--ij-editorial-red:#d91f2a;--ij-editorial-soft:#f4f8fb;--ij-editorial-line:#d9e5ee;--ij-editorial-ink:#123f65} body{font-size:12pt;background:#fff;color:#263f55} .ij-container{width:min(calc(100% - 32px),1240px)} .ij-topbar-academic{background:#073f69;font-size:11px} .ij-topbar-academic .ij-topbar-inner{min-height:28px} .ij-topbar-academic .ij-topbar-left,.ij-topbar-academic .ij-topbar-right{gap:10px} .ij-topbar-academic .ij-social-top{display:inline-flex;width:21px;height:21px;align-items:center;justify-content:center} .ij-topbar-academic .ij-social-icon{width:14px;height:14px} .ij-branding-academic .ij-branding-inner{min-height:88px;padding:10px 0;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(250px,360px)} .ij-branding-academic .custom-logo{width:72px;height:72px;border-radius:50%} .ij-branding-academic .ij-brand-block{gap:18px} .ij-branding-academic .ij-site-title{font-size:25px;line-height:1.05;color:#053f77} .ij-branding-academic .ij-tagline{font-size:12px;font-style:italic;margin-top:4px;color:#3f6180} .ij-brand-search-only{min-width:0;text-align:right} .ij-brand-search-only .ij-search form{max-width:360px;margin-left:auto;border-radius:3px} .ij-brand-search-only .ij-search input{font-size:11px;padding:8px 10px} .ij-brand-search-only .ij-search button{width:38px} .ij-nav-academic{background:#005783;box-shadow:none} .ij-nav-academic .ij-nav-inner{min-height:38px} .ij-nav-academic .ij-menu>li>a{padding:10px 15px;font-size:12px} .ij-nav-academic .ij-menu>li.current-menu-item>a,.ij-nav-academic .ij-menu>li>a:hover{background:#0f7c4c} .ij-hero-editorial{min-height:285px;border-bottom:1px solid #cbdbe6;background-position:center} .ij-hero-editorial .ij-hero-content{padding:34px 0;max-width:690px} .ij-hero-editorial h1{font-size:clamp(34px,4.6vw,54px);line-height:1.02;margin-bottom:12px;text-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.08)} .ij-hero-editorial .accent{color:#a7ed4e} .ij-hero-editorial p{font-size:16px;margin-bottom:18px} .ij-btn-green{background:var(--ij-editorial-green);color:#fff;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.38);border-radius:22px;min-height:38px;padding:8px 19px} .ij-btn-green:hover{background:#0d743b;color:#fff} .ij-btn-dark{background:#064f7a;color:#fff} .ij-btn-block{display:flex;width:100%;margin-top:12px} .ij-trust-strip{border-bottom:1px solid var(--ij-editorial-line);background:#fff} .ij-trust-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)} .ij-trust-item{min-height:54px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:10px;border-right:1px solid var(--ij-editorial-line);font-size:11px;color:#315875} .ij-trust-item:last-child{border-right:0} .ij-trust-item>span{display:grid;place-items:center;width:30px;height:30px;border-radius:50%;background:#e4f6ec;color:#15884a} .ij-trust-item svg{width:16px;height:16px} .ij-main-editorial{padding:18px 0 24px;background:#fff} .ij-editorial-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,2.15fr) minmax(270px,.85fr);gap:18px;align-items:start} .ij-editorial-main,.ij-editorial-sidebar{min-width:0} .ij-editorial-main>.ij-panel{margin-bottom:14px} .ij-panel{border-color:#dbe7ef;border-radius:4px;box-shadow:none} .ij-section-head-tight{margin:0;padding:10px 12px;border-bottom:1px solid #dbe7ef} .ij-section-head-tight h2{font:700 14pt/1.2 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;color:#064a82} .ij-section-head-tight>a{font-size:10px} .ij-current-editorial{display:block;padding:0;margin:0} .ij-current-editorial-body{display:grid;grid-template-columns:160px 1fr;gap:18px;padding:14px;align-items:start} .ij-current-editorial .ij-current-cover{width:100%;aspect-ratio:3/4;border-radius:2px;box-shadow:none;border:1px solid #cddde8} .ij-current-editorial .ij-current-copy{padding-top:4px} .ij-current-editorial h3{font:700 14pt/1.25 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;color:#06457b;margin:0 0 10px} .ij-current-editorial p{font-size:12pt;line-height:1.45;margin:0 0 14px;color:#405a70} .ij-current-editorial .ij-btn{font-size:11px;min-height:36px;padding:7px 12px;border-radius:3px} .ij-panel-title-blue{background:#f7fbfe;color:#064a82;border-bottom:1px solid #d9e5ee;font:700 12pt/1.2 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;padding:9px 12px} .ij-panel-title-blue .ij-panel-icon{width:16px;height:16px;vertical-align:-3px} .ij-particulars-grid-main{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:0} .ij-particulars-grid-main .ij-particular-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:118px 1fr;border-bottom:1px solid #e2ebf1;border-right:1px solid #e2ebf1;min-height:38px} .ij-particulars-grid-main .ij-particular-row:nth-child(even){border-right:0} .ij-particulars-grid-main dt,.ij-particulars-grid-main dd{margin:0;padding:8px 10px;font-size:12pt;line-height:1.35} .ij-particulars-grid-main dt{font-weight:700;color:#284b68;background:#fbfdff} .ij-particulars-grid-main dd{color:#38566f} .ij-published-table-panel{overflow:hidden} .ij-home-article-table-wrap{overflow-x:auto} .ij-home-article-table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;table-layout:auto} .ij-home-article-table th,.ij-home-article-table td{border-bottom:1px solid #e2eaf0;padding:8px 7px;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.35} .ij-home-article-table th{background:#f6f9fc;color:#3d5871;font-weight:800} .ij-home-article-table th:first-child,.ij-home-article-table td:first-child{width:34px;text-align:center} .ij-home-article-table .ij-table-title{font-weight:700;color:#0b4d83} .ij-table-actions{display:flex;gap:5px;flex-wrap:wrap} .ij-mini-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-width:36px;padding:5px 7px;border-radius:3px;background:#074f7e;color:#fff;font-size:9px;font-weight:700} .ij-mini-btn:hover{background:#0b6aa4;color:#fff} .ij-mini-btn-light{background:#fff;color:#075383;border:1px solid #9ebdd1} .ij-editorial-sidebar{display:grid;gap:12px} .ij-sidebar-card{border:1px solid #d7e5ed;border-radius:4px;background:#fff;overflow:hidden} .ij-sidebar-card-head{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 11px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7e5ed;color:#064c7e;font:700 12pt/1.2 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;background:#f8fbfd} .ij-sidebar-card-head .ij-panel-icon{width:18px;height:18px} .ij-call-card{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#f1fbf4,#e3f5e8);border-color:#cce8d4} .ij-call-card .ij-sidebar-card-head{background:transparent;color:#176f39;border-color:#cce8d4} .ij-call-card-body{padding:10px 12px;color:#27513b;font-size:12pt} .ij-call-card-body .hyvikk_main_jrp_wrap{margin:0!important;padding:0!important} .ij-call-card-body .ij-marquee-track{animation:none!important;transform:none!important;white-space:normal!important;display:block!important;font-size:11px;line-height:1.5;margin:0!important;padding:0!important} .ij-editorial-link-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:3px 10px 8px} .ij-editorial-link-list li{border-bottom:1px solid #e7eef3} .ij-editorial-link-list li:last-child{border-bottom:0} .ij-editorial-link-list a{display:block;padding:8px 4px;font-size:11px;color:#0c5a91} .ij-editorial-link-list a:before{content:"›";font-weight:900;margin-right:8px} .ij-index-badges{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;padding:12px} .ij-index-badges span{display:inline-flex;padding:6px 8px;border:1px solid #d5e3ec;border-radius:3px;background:#fff;font-size:10px;font-weight:700;color:#315a77} .ij-article-page-v2{padding:13px 0 30px;background:#fff} .ij-article-page-v2 .ij-breadcrumbs{font-size:10px;margin:0 0 10px;color:#527087} .ij-article-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 190px;gap:18px;align-items:start} .ij-article-main-v2{min-width:0} .ij-article-hero-v2{padding:4px 0 8px} .ij-article-hero-v2 .ij-paper-type{font-size:9px;margin-bottom:5px} .ij-article-hero-v2 .ij-entry-title{margin:0 0 7px;color:#064582;font:700 14pt/1.22 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif} .ij-author-line-v2{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:4px;color:#074b81;font:700 12pt/1.35 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif} .ij-author-name-v2 sup{font-size:9px;margin-left:1px} .ij-author-sep{margin-right:2px} .ij-orcid-dot{display:inline-grid;place-items:center;width:17px;height:17px;border-radius:50%;background:#88c53f;color:#fff;font:700 9px/1 Arial,sans-serif;vertical-align:2px} .ij-affiliations-v2{margin-top:6px;color:#536d82;font-size:10.5px;line-height:1.45} .ij-article-meta-card-v2{margin-top:9px;border:1px solid #d7e5ee;background:#f9fcfe} .ij-meta-grid-v2{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(5,minmax(0,1fr))} .ij-meta-grid-v2>div{padding:10px 9px;border-right:1px solid #dce7ee} .ij-meta-grid-v2>div:last-child{border-right:0} .ij-meta-grid-v2 span{display:block;font-size:9px;color:#60788b} .ij-meta-grid-v2 strong{display:block;margin-top:2px;color:#0e4d7f;font-size:11px;line-height:1.25} .ij-doi-row-v2{display:flex;gap:9px;padding:8px 10px;border-top:1px solid #dce7ee;font-size:10.5px;overflow-wrap:anywhere} .ij-doi-row-v2 span{font-weight:700;color:#385b74} .ij-article-actions-v2{display:flex;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:10px 0;border-bottom:1px solid #dce6ed} .ij-action-btn{border:0;border-radius:3px;background:#07517f;color:#fff;min-height:35px;padding:8px 14px;font-size:10.5px;font-weight:700;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:7px;cursor:pointer} .ij-action-btn:hover{background:#0b6b9f;color:#fff} .ij-action-pdf{background:var(--ij-editorial-red)} .ij-action-pdf:hover{background:#b81720} .ij-action-cite{background:#07517f} .ij-action-icon{width:14px;height:14px} .ij-article-section-v2{padding:15px 0 7px;scroll-margin-top:90px} .ij-article-section-v2>h2,.ij-fulltext-title-v2,.ij-related-v2 h2{font:700 12pt/1.25 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;color:#064b83;margin:0 0 8px} .ij-abstract-text-v2{font-size:12pt;line-height:1.55;color:#344f65} .ij-abstract-text-v2 p{margin:0 0 8px} .ij-keywords-box-v2{margin:7px 0 4px;padding:9px 12px;background:#eef5f9;border-left:3px solid #0c5b90;color:#35566f;font-size:12pt;line-height:1.45;scroll-margin-top:90px} .ij-keywords-box-v2 strong{color:#0c4f7d} .ij-article-context-v2{display:flex;gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap;padding:8px 0 0;font-size:10.5px;color:#526d82} .ij-article-prose{font-size:12pt;line-height:1.58;color:#344d61} .ij-article-prose>p{margin:0 0 10px} .ij-article-prose h2,.ij-article-prose h3{font-size:12pt;font-weight:700;color:#064b83} .ij-article-prose.is-accordion{display:grid;gap:6px} .ij-content-accordion{border:1px solid #dce7ef;border-radius:3px;background:#fff;overflow:hidden} .ij-content-accordion>summary{list-style:none;cursor:pointer;padding:9px 11px;background:#f8fbfd;color:#074a7b;font-size:12pt;font-weight:700;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center} .ij-content-accordion>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none} .ij-content-accordion>summary:after{content:"⌄";font-size:14px;transition:transform .2s ease} .ij-content-accordion[open]>summary:after{transform:rotate(180deg)} .ij-content-accordion-body{padding:10px 12px} .ij-content-accordion-body>*:first-child{margin-top:0} .ij-article-toc-v2{position:sticky;top:18px} .ij-toc-card-v2{border:1px solid #dce7ef;background:#f9fcfe;border-radius:4px;padding:10px 11px} .ij-toc-card-v2 h2{margin:0 0 7px;font:700 12pt/1.2 Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;color:#064b82} .ij-toc-card-v2 nav{display:grid} .ij-toc-card-v2 a{display:block;padding:6px 2px;border-bottom:1px solid #e5edf2;font-size:10px;color:#355d7a} .ij-toc-card-v2 a:last-child{border-bottom:0} .ij-toc-card-v2 a:before{content:"›";margin-right:6px;color:#0b68a2;font-weight:900} .ij-toc-card-v2 a.is-active{color:#0b5f95;font-weight:700} .ij-related-v2{padding-top:12px;scroll-margin-top:90px} .ij-related-v2 .ij-section-head{border:1px solid #dbe7ef;background:#f8fbfd;margin:0 0 9px} .ij-related-grid-v2{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:10px} .ij-related-grid-v2 .ij-article-card{border-radius:3px} .ij-related-grid-v2 .ij-article-title{font-size:11px} .ij-related-grid-v2 .ij-article-meta,.ij-related-grid-v2 .ij-article-links{font-size:9px} .ij-footer-editorial{background:#034c76;margin-top:0;color:#eaf5fb} .ij-footer-grid-editorial{grid-template-columns:1.4fr .8fr .8fr .8fr;padding:20px 0;gap:22px} .ij-footer-editorial h3{font-size:11px;margin-bottom:8px} .ij-footer-editorial p,.ij-footer-editorial li,.ij-footer-editorial a{font-size:9.5px;line-height:1.45;color:#e7f1f7} .ij-footer-brand-row{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;margin-bottom:8px} .ij-footer-brand-row .custom-logo,.ij-footer-brand-row .ij-footer-logo{width:54px;height:54px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover} .ij-footer-brand-row h3{font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:12px;margin:0} .ij-footer-brand-row p{margin:2px 0 0} .ij-footer-social-icons{display:flex;gap:8px;margin:8px 0} .ij-footer-social-icons a{display:grid;place-items:center;width:25px;height:25px;border-radius:50%;background:rgba(255,255,255,.1)} .ij-footer-social-icons svg{width:13px;height:13px} .ij-footer-bottom{background:#033f63;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12)} .ij-footer-bottom-inner{min-height:34px;font-size:8.5px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;align-items:center} .ij-footer-tagline:before{content:"◈";color:#84c94a;margin-right:5px} @media (max-width:980px){.ij-branding-academic .ij-branding-inner{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:8px} .ij-brand-search-only .ij-search form{margin-left:0;max-width:100%} .ij-editorial-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-editorial-sidebar{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))} .ij-article-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-article-toc-v2{position:relative;top:auto;order:-1} .ij-toc-card-v2 nav{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:0 12px} .ij-footer-grid-editorial{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}} @media (max-width:760px){.ij-topbar-academic .ij-topbar-inner{align-items:flex-start;padding:5px 0} .ij-topbar-academic .ij-topbar-left,.ij-topbar-academic .ij-topbar-right{gap:6px} .ij-branding-academic .ij-site-title{font-size:20px} .ij-branding-academic .custom-logo{width:58px;height:58px} .ij-trust-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)} .ij-trust-item:nth-child(2){border-right:0} .ij-trust-item:nth-child(-n+2){border-bottom:1px solid var(--ij-editorial-line)} .ij-current-editorial-body{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr;gap:12px} .ij-particulars-grid-main{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-particulars-grid-main .ij-particular-row{border-right:0;grid-template-columns:105px 1fr} .ij-editorial-sidebar{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-meta-grid-v2{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))} .ij-meta-grid-v2>div{border-bottom:1px solid #dce7ee} .ij-related-grid-v2{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-toc-card-v2 nav{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))} .ij-footer-grid-editorial{grid-template-columns:1fr} .ij-footer-bottom-inner{display:grid;padding:8px 0;text-align:center}} @media (max-width:520px){.ij-container{width:min(calc(100% - 20px),1240px)} 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